The Antinuclear Antibody (ANA / ANF) test using Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) on HEp-2 cells is the gold-standard screening test to detect autoantibodies that mistakenly target the body's own cell nuclei.

Why is This Test Ordered?

1. Screen for Autoimmune Disorders: Helps diagnose conditions such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren’s Syndrome, Scleroderma, or Polymyositis.
2. Investigate Unexplained Symptoms: Recommended for persistent joint pain, unexplained fever, fatigue, skin rashes (like a butterfly rash on the face), or muscle weakness.
3. Identify Staining Patterns: Reports both antibody titer levels and specific nuclear patterns (e.g., homogeneous, speckled) to help narrow down specific diseases.

Preparation & Fasting

1. Fasting: Not required.
2. Medications: Inform your doctor of all current medications, as certain drugs can induce temporary positive ANA results.

Sample Collection

1. A standard blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm.

Turnaround Time

1. Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours.